5º SESSION. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BEGINNING UNIT 2. ¡¡REVOLUTION!!

1. Name the three factors that can be considered key to the French Revolution.
Poor harvests led to increases in food prizes. Burghers were politically excluded and claimed for the end of privilege. The monarchy´s finances deficit required tax reforms which were impossible in the Old Regime. SEE IMG 26 UP.

2. Surprisingly enough, who did really start the Revolution?
The privileged nobility, who did not want any tax reform, and forced the king into convening the States General, an Old Regime class assembly.

3. Which were the main sources of dissent in the States General?
The Third State (the unprivileged Burghers and Pesants), wanted one vote for each person, not each class. Nobles and the clergy wanted the contrary for obvious reasons. IMGE 26 CTER AND CHART DWN.

4. How did it all end?
The Third State and some sympathetic priests and nobles segregated and constituted the National Assembly, as legal and sovereign representatives of the Nation (remember Enlightment). It was the so called Tennis court Oath (IMG 27).

5. Outside the Assembly, this brought two very important consequences (one of them is today Francés national day)?
In Paris, citizens stormed and took the Bastille (14th July), the royal prison. In the countryside, peasants revolted against nobles (the so called The Great Fear or Grande Peur).

6. This radicalization gave wings to the Assembly. What course did it take?
According to Enlightened ideas, it proclaimed itself the Assembly constituent and ended the Old Regime by law: abolished Feudalism (TEXT P. 27) and issued the Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Text 43 (LEARNING TO COMMENT TEXTS).

7. Which were the main obstacles for the Revolution´s demolition of the Old Regime?
King Louis XVI and the privileged.

8. Which of the three revolutionary periods was the most radical? And the least?
The Democratic republic (1792-94). The Constitutional monarchy (1789-92).

9. Enlightened ideas can also be called Liberal. How was liberalism finally introduced in France? Name examples
With the 1791 constitution (IMG 28 DOWN), the Assembly became National: Suffrage, Torture was declared ilegal, and also Guilds. The nobility was to pay taxes. Land held by the Church in mortmain was confiscated to assuage deficit, and the Clergy was submitted to the state (Civil constitution).

10. This constitution was not fully democratic. Why?
The king could veto laws and suffrage was not equal, but censitary, thus leaving state affairs to rich burghers.

11. There was more cause for popular resentment. Why?
Inflation impoverished the lower classes.

12. Politically, which were the differences inside this revolutionary opposition?
Initiated in political clubs (TEXT 29), Girondins were moderates. Jacobins and Cordeliers were extremists and even had armed support (parisian sans culottes). SEE CHART P. 29.