1. Where was Absolutism firstly challenged?
In England, as early as the beginning of the XIII century with the Magna Charta. Then, in the XVIIth century, a revolution and a war ended absolutism.
2. In England, which institution confronted the Kings?
Parliament, the seat of many burghers.
3. Name two examples showing that Parliament finally triumphed. Since then, England became the first Parliamentary monarchy. SEE IMAGES IN P. 14. SEE IMG P. 4 UP AND DOWN.
The Habeas Corpus Act which prevented the king from ordering ilegal detentions. The Bill of Rights, which definitely ended absolutism.
4. How did Enlightment influence Absolutism?
Some absolute kings ackknowledged the importance of the new ideas. Their moto was “Everything for the people, but without the people”
5. Name examples of these Enlightened Despots and state why did they fail in the end. READ TEXT IN P. 15.
Tsarina Catherine II of Russia, Frederick II of Prussia, emperor Joseph II, Charles III of Spain. They failed because they wanted to change economy and further educate people, without changing the unfair nature of privilege in the states society. All that led to revolution.
6. Enlightened influence in North America brought about two historical innovations. Which?
The first republic and Federalism.
7. There were two complaints and a political consequence. Who did complain, against whom, how did it all start and what came out of it. WATCH IMAGE IN P. 16, MAP AND TEXT IN P. 17. WATCH IMG 4 CENTER.
Colonists resented England´s monopoly of trade and having to pay taxes when they were not heard in the Parliament.
8. Why is the constitution of the USA historically significant?
It was the first written constitution in History.
9. Name an example of the influence of Enlightment.
Division of Powers (Montesquieu), monarchy is substituted for republic, a more democratic system (Rousseau). Declaration of Rights. Religious tolerance (Voltaire).
10. How did all this influence Europe. WATCH GRAPHIC IN P. 17
All these winds of freedom reinforced opposition to Absolutism.
11. Government in the USA was designed to be decentralized. There are two types of decentralization, we call them federal and confederal. Having read the book, can you guess the difference?
Federalism implies a stronger central government and control.
12. Which sort of decentralization do you think was designed for our spanish democratic state?
Open answer. It is more similar to federalism though it is the will of certain regional political groups to draw it closer to condederalism, reducing central control over important issues such as employment policies, etc…
miércoles, 29 de septiembre de 2010
sábado, 25 de septiembre de 2010
HISTORY 2nd SESSION. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Name a difference between this non igualitarian society and ours. What is now and what was then the key to be considered a part of the high class or not?
There were those who paid taxes and those who did not. Then it was birth, now it is wealth.
2. Which were the two privileged classes? What did their two sources of income have in common? Which of them was less homogeneous and why? SEE THE EXAMPLE ON P. 11
Nobles and the Church. Land Holding. The Church, there was the rich high clergy and then the ranks of the lower clergy.
3. Name three features of the so called Third State. Why was it heterogeneous? Which of its components was likely to have a brighter future? Remember them, because they ended up the Old Regime. WATCH IMAGE P. 12.
They paid taxes, they took to business and craftsmanship. Some among them, the urban bourgeoisie (Burghers), were richer. They were politically conscious and in the end started the revolution.
4.For the Enlightment, what human feature came to substitute God and became a synonym of Lights? How was happiness to be achieved? Which should be for them the most valued human quality?
Reason. Through education. Intelligence.
5. All this had two precedents. Who and why?
John Locke, who developed the theory of Parliamentary Monarchy in England, and Newton, who did his own revolution in Physics, with his Gravitational Theory.
6. Why can we say that French enlightened thinkers criticized the structures of the Old Regime? SEE IMAGE P. 12. SEE IMAGE P. 5.
They abhorred absolutism and the influence of the Church among people, which they considered the root for illiteracy.
7. Name two differences between Mercantilism, the economics of the Old Regime, and Phisiocracy.
Mercantilistst emphasized the posession of precious metals through trade, whereas Phisiocracy saw agriculture as the base of any country´s prosperity.
8. According to your book, name the 4 factors of the enlightened political critic of the Old Regime? SEE GRAPHIC AND TEXT P. 13, AND IMAGE IN P. 15 Understand this well, it is the base for our democracy.
Division of power vs. Absolutism. Reason vs. Authority. Tollerance vs. Religion. Social Mobility through merit, not birth.
9. Why can we consider Diderot´s and D´Alembert´s Encyclopedia an enlightened masterwork? Which other two ways contributed to the spreading of these new ideas?
Its goal was to join all human knowledge, which was to be the road to progress. Academies and Salons (french word).
There were those who paid taxes and those who did not. Then it was birth, now it is wealth.
2. Which were the two privileged classes? What did their two sources of income have in common? Which of them was less homogeneous and why? SEE THE EXAMPLE ON P. 11
Nobles and the Church. Land Holding. The Church, there was the rich high clergy and then the ranks of the lower clergy.
3. Name three features of the so called Third State. Why was it heterogeneous? Which of its components was likely to have a brighter future? Remember them, because they ended up the Old Regime. WATCH IMAGE P. 12.
They paid taxes, they took to business and craftsmanship. Some among them, the urban bourgeoisie (Burghers), were richer. They were politically conscious and in the end started the revolution.
4.For the Enlightment, what human feature came to substitute God and became a synonym of Lights? How was happiness to be achieved? Which should be for them the most valued human quality?
Reason. Through education. Intelligence.
5. All this had two precedents. Who and why?
John Locke, who developed the theory of Parliamentary Monarchy in England, and Newton, who did his own revolution in Physics, with his Gravitational Theory.
6. Why can we say that French enlightened thinkers criticized the structures of the Old Regime? SEE IMAGE P. 12. SEE IMAGE P. 5.
They abhorred absolutism and the influence of the Church among people, which they considered the root for illiteracy.
7. Name two differences between Mercantilism, the economics of the Old Regime, and Phisiocracy.
Mercantilistst emphasized the posession of precious metals through trade, whereas Phisiocracy saw agriculture as the base of any country´s prosperity.
8. According to your book, name the 4 factors of the enlightened political critic of the Old Regime? SEE GRAPHIC AND TEXT P. 13, AND IMAGE IN P. 15 Understand this well, it is the base for our democracy.
Division of power vs. Absolutism. Reason vs. Authority. Tollerance vs. Religion. Social Mobility through merit, not birth.
9. Why can we consider Diderot´s and D´Alembert´s Encyclopedia an enlightened masterwork? Which other two ways contributed to the spreading of these new ideas?
Its goal was to join all human knowledge, which was to be the road to progress. Academies and Salons (french word).
miércoles, 22 de septiembre de 2010
4º ESO HISTORY 1st SESSION. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Name two reasons why in spite of being the most important economic activity, XVIII century agriculture remained stagnant. WATCH IMAGE UP P. 6.
It wasn´t productive enough to be market oriented. Every now and then, Hunger knocked on the peasant´s door.
2. Why was the structure of property such an example of inequality and injustice? There are two reasons.
Nobles and the Church held the majority of the land, and taxes were paid by peasants alone.
3. Why didn´t all of the people have political rights in this period? We call ourselves citizens. This people were the King´s subjects. WATCH IMAGE, READ TEXT IN P. 6.
Because the king´s power was absolute and god ordained.
5. Name two factors for the growth of population in the XVIII century. What was the ultimate consequence of this? SEE DATA P. 7.
Absence of pandemic diseases and great wars. Output grew.
6. Growth output led to Trade expansion. Which kind of trade became the most important and where essentially? MAP P. 8
Colonies imported manufactures and exported raw materials.
7. What was the terribly unfair nature of this Trade and which European countries led it? MAP P. 8
Manufactues are more expensive than raw materials. Colonies started a long process of impoverishment. Great Britain, Netherlands, Spain and Portugal.
8. Why do historians speak of triangular trade and which of its aspects can we call the darkest and most hateful? Can you guess one or two demographic consequences for the American continent? IMAGE P.8
Africa supplied slaves to produce raw materials in the american colonies, with which european manufactures were bought, sometimes to import luxuries from Asia.
Africa lost the majority of its healthy young people to slave trade. Its descendants are american afroamericans, now almost 20% of the population in the USA.
9. Watching all the images in p.9, give me two reasons in favor and two against slave trade.
Slaves lived far off better in America than in their ancestral homeland. There are many obvious reasons to be against it.
Any questions, comment this blog´s entry or email me (argantonios@hotmail.com)
It wasn´t productive enough to be market oriented. Every now and then, Hunger knocked on the peasant´s door.
2. Why was the structure of property such an example of inequality and injustice? There are two reasons.
Nobles and the Church held the majority of the land, and taxes were paid by peasants alone.
3. Why didn´t all of the people have political rights in this period? We call ourselves citizens. This people were the King´s subjects. WATCH IMAGE, READ TEXT IN P. 6.
Because the king´s power was absolute and god ordained.
5. Name two factors for the growth of population in the XVIII century. What was the ultimate consequence of this? SEE DATA P. 7.
Absence of pandemic diseases and great wars. Output grew.
6. Growth output led to Trade expansion. Which kind of trade became the most important and where essentially? MAP P. 8
Colonies imported manufactures and exported raw materials.
7. What was the terribly unfair nature of this Trade and which European countries led it? MAP P. 8
Manufactues are more expensive than raw materials. Colonies started a long process of impoverishment. Great Britain, Netherlands, Spain and Portugal.
8. Why do historians speak of triangular trade and which of its aspects can we call the darkest and most hateful? Can you guess one or two demographic consequences for the American continent? IMAGE P.8
Africa supplied slaves to produce raw materials in the american colonies, with which european manufactures were bought, sometimes to import luxuries from Asia.
Africa lost the majority of its healthy young people to slave trade. Its descendants are american afroamericans, now almost 20% of the population in the USA.
9. Watching all the images in p.9, give me two reasons in favor and two against slave trade.
Slaves lived far off better in America than in their ancestral homeland. There are many obvious reasons to be against it.
Any questions, comment this blog´s entry or email me (argantonios@hotmail.com)
martes, 21 de septiembre de 2010
2º CLASE DE HISTORIA 4º ESO BILINGÜE
Meteré las respuestas de la 1º sesión cuando 4ºBCD dé la clase.
IMPORTANT NOTICE: READ PAGES 10 TO 13, BOTH INCLUDED. IT WOULD BE WISE TO TRY TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS (IN ENGLISH WHEN POSSIBLE).
THE ESTATES SOCIETY AND ENLIGHTMENT.
1. Name a difference between this non igualitarian society and ours. What is now and what was then the key to be considered a part of the high class or not?
2. Which were the two privileged classes? What did their two sources of income have in common? Which of them was less homogeneous and why? SEE THE EXAMPLE ON P. 11
3. Name three features of the so called Third State. Why was it heterogeneous? Which of its components was likely to have a brighter future? Remember them, because they ended up the Old Regime. WATCH IMAGE P. 12.
4.For the Enlightment, what human feature came to substitute God and became a synonym of Lights? How was happiness to be achieved? Which should be for them the most valued human quality?
5. All this had two precedents. Who and why?
6. Why can we say that French enlightened thinkers criticized the structures of the Old Regime? SEE IMAGE P. 12. SEE IMAGE P. 5.
7. Name two differences between Mercantilism, the economics of the Old Regime, and Phisiocracy.
8. According to your book, name the 4 factors of the enlightened political critic of the Old Regime? SEE GRAPHIC AND TEXT P. 13, AND IMAGE IN P. 15 Understand this well, it is the base for our democracy.
9. Why can we consider Diderot´s and D´Alembert´s Encyclopedia an enlightened masterwork? Which other two ways contributed to the spreading of these new ideas?
IMPORTANT NOTICE: READ PAGES 10 TO 13, BOTH INCLUDED. IT WOULD BE WISE TO TRY TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS (IN ENGLISH WHEN POSSIBLE).
THE ESTATES SOCIETY AND ENLIGHTMENT.
1. Name a difference between this non igualitarian society and ours. What is now and what was then the key to be considered a part of the high class or not?
2. Which were the two privileged classes? What did their two sources of income have in common? Which of them was less homogeneous and why? SEE THE EXAMPLE ON P. 11
3. Name three features of the so called Third State. Why was it heterogeneous? Which of its components was likely to have a brighter future? Remember them, because they ended up the Old Regime. WATCH IMAGE P. 12.
4.For the Enlightment, what human feature came to substitute God and became a synonym of Lights? How was happiness to be achieved? Which should be for them the most valued human quality?
5. All this had two precedents. Who and why?
6. Why can we say that French enlightened thinkers criticized the structures of the Old Regime? SEE IMAGE P. 12. SEE IMAGE P. 5.
7. Name two differences between Mercantilism, the economics of the Old Regime, and Phisiocracy.
8. According to your book, name the 4 factors of the enlightened political critic of the Old Regime? SEE GRAPHIC AND TEXT P. 13, AND IMAGE IN P. 15 Understand this well, it is the base for our democracy.
9. Why can we consider Diderot´s and D´Alembert´s Encyclopedia an enlightened masterwork? Which other two ways contributed to the spreading of these new ideas?
lunes, 20 de septiembre de 2010
PRIMERA CLASE DE HISTORIA DE 4º SANTOMERA 201011 MARTES 21/IX PARA 4ºA y MIÉRCOLES 22 PARA 4ºBCD
TEMA 1. EL SIGLO XVIII: CRISIS DEL ANTIGUO RÉGIMEN:
1º SESSION: EUROPE DURING THE 18th CENTURY. COLONIAL TRADE AND SLAVES. (PAGES 4 to 9) .
1. Name two reasons why in spite of being the most important economic activity, XVIII century agriculture remained stagnant. WATCH IMAGE UP P. 6.
2. Why was the structure of property such an example of inequality and injustice? There are two reasons.
3. Why didn´t people have political rights in this period? We call ourselves citizens. This people were the King´s subjects. WATCH IMAGE, READ TEXT IN P. 6.
5. Name two factors for the growth of population in the XVIII century. What was the ultimate consequence of this? SEE DATA P. 7.
6. Growth output led to Trade expansion. Which kind of trade became the most important and where essentially? MAP P. 8
7. What was the terribly unfair nature of this Trade and which European countries led it? MAP P. 8
8. Why do historians speak of triangular trade and which of its aspects can we call the darkest and most hateful? Can you guess one or two demographic consequences for the American continent? IMAGE P.8
9. Watching all the images in p.9, give me two reasons in favor and two against slave trade.
Any problems, I expect your emails (argantonios@hotmail.com) or comments here in my blog.
1º SESSION: EUROPE DURING THE 18th CENTURY. COLONIAL TRADE AND SLAVES. (PAGES 4 to 9) .
1. Name two reasons why in spite of being the most important economic activity, XVIII century agriculture remained stagnant. WATCH IMAGE UP P. 6.
2. Why was the structure of property such an example of inequality and injustice? There are two reasons.
3. Why didn´t people have political rights in this period? We call ourselves citizens. This people were the King´s subjects. WATCH IMAGE, READ TEXT IN P. 6.
5. Name two factors for the growth of population in the XVIII century. What was the ultimate consequence of this? SEE DATA P. 7.
6. Growth output led to Trade expansion. Which kind of trade became the most important and where essentially? MAP P. 8
7. What was the terribly unfair nature of this Trade and which European countries led it? MAP P. 8
8. Why do historians speak of triangular trade and which of its aspects can we call the darkest and most hateful? Can you guess one or two demographic consequences for the American continent? IMAGE P.8
9. Watching all the images in p.9, give me two reasons in favor and two against slave trade.
Any problems, I expect your emails (argantonios@hotmail.com) or comments here in my blog.
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